On his way home from the office, how did Scrooge react to the falling snowflakes? WebThis story takes place in London, England. As a youngster, Charles Dickens himself spent time living in Camden- on Bayham Street to be precise- in the early 1820s. The latter is divided into five Staves, each containing a distinct episode in Scrooge's spiritual re-education. Heterogenitt in Bildungsverlufen: Sozio, Science 7th: 1st Semester Review (ALL STUDY Q. Is Brooke shields related to willow shields? A Christmas Carol takes place in London during the early 1840s. (including. The first is the warehouse outside which the "Scrooge and Marley" sign hangs, and the second is the warehouse where Scrooge was apprenticed to Mr. Fezziwig, which Scrooge visits with the Ghost of Christmas Past in stave II, "The First of Three Spirits.". Holidays always seemed to be a gathering of people to celebrate the occasion. Just before entering his house, the doorknocker on his front door, the same door he has passed through twice a d ay for his many years, catches his attention. for a group? He starts his new life of goodwill by buying a prize goose for the Cratchits. During Victorian times, a counting-house could be a bookkeeping or accounting office or department of a larger merchant business, possibly with its own rooms in a large building, or a storefront, such as Scrooge's seems to be. There is no doubt whatever about that. Marleys ghost is a terrifying figure - his huge clanking chain makes him look like an exaggeration of a typical Victorian prisoner. Inside the office, Scrooge watches over his clerk, a poor diminutive man named Bob Cratchit. The exact location of this office isnt mentioned by Dickens. When Scrooge goes home, he is confronted by the ghost of Marley who tells him that he will be haunted by three spirits over the course of the next three days, each at One Oclock. "In the story A Christmas Carol, what business did Scrooge and Marley run?" Such unproductive business, and the greed it generates, make it a prime symbol of the soullessness and rampant exploitation of unrestrained Victorian capitalism. Thank you so much for putting this all together! From this exchange, it sounds like Marley was at least somewhat generous. View over 250 locations associated with Charles Dickens in our trail. He is the epitome of the Christmas spirit, that which should inhibit all of us. Stay well. Dickens also informs us that the ancient tower of a church with its gruff old bell can usually be seen from Scrooges counting house, although on this Christmas Eve it is obscured by the fog and darkness. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. In other words, Scrooge is not alone; many people, while perhaps less obviously awful than Scrooge, share his sinful failings. Old Tom was a goose who, shortly before the Christmas of 1797 was brought to along with thousands of other geese to Leadenhall Market for slaughter. B.A. To see the dingy cloud come drooping down, obscuring everything, one might have thought that Nature lived hard by, and was brewing on a large scale. If you like this, we think you might also be interested in these related quotations. Scrooge, however, aggressively fights it off. from Kent State University M.A. : a building, room, or office used for keeping books and transacting business. SparkNotes PLUS The fireplace is adorned with tiles that illustrate stories from scripture but over all of these famous figures comes. the falling action in the Christmas Carol is when scrooge goes to his nephews house and eats with his nephew at his Christmas party Why did Fred stop by Scrooge's office in A Christmas Carol? The clock tower that looks down on. Learn how your comment data is processed. / (flu) / adjective. He had so heated himself with rapid walking in the fog and frost, this nephew of Scrooges, that he was all in a glow; his face ruddy and handsome; his eyes sparkled, and his breath smoked again. (18). For this old site was once home to Jim Hensons Creature Workshop; a studio where many of Muppets were lovingly created. It is a freezing, foggy day and is quite dark even though its only three oclock. We pay $$$ and it takes seconds! Subscribe here and be the first to know when I publish a new blog post. It doesn't really create anything; it simply makes money out of money. By showing Marleys face among the faces of legends and saints from scripture, Dickens puts him in a saint-like position, showing Scrooge the light like a religious leader. The majority of the trip takes place at the Cratchits home. And yes, that includes ones used in one of the most beloved- and surprisingly accurate interpretations of Dickens story; The Muppets Christmas Carol which was made shortly after Jim Hensons sudden death in 1990 at the age of just 53.
Stave Three: The Second of the Three Spirits, Charles Dickens and A Christmas Carol Background. Scrooge's business of making profits through his debt collections has come to consume his life when the ghosts visit him. It was cold, bleak, biting weather: foggy withal: and he could hear the people in the court outside, go wheezing up and down, beating their hands upon their breasts, and stamping their feet upon the pavement stones to warm them, candles were flaring in the windows of the neighbouring offices, like ruddy smears upon the palpable brown air, The fog came pouring in at every chink and keyhole, and was so dense without, that although the court was of the narrowest, the houses opposite were mere phantoms, Scrooge had a very small fire, but the clerks fire was so very much smaller that it looked like one coal, Click here to see our collection of quotations related to the character of Bob Cratchit, The survey, by Penguin Books, was commissioned in 2012 to mark 200th anniversary of the authors birth, Click here to see our collection of quotations related to the character of Ebenezer Scrooge, In a poll to find the most popular Charles Dickens character, Ebenezer Scrooge was revealed to be the best-loved, beating other well-known characters from the writer including Pip (Great Expectations), Oliver (Oliver Twist), and Sydney Carton (. The Counting House was the center of trade and business in Baldurs Gate, serving as both a bank and establishment that facilitated the exchange of various currencies. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. 5 Tips for Women to Make Their Wardrobe Eco-Friendly, Top 7 Benefits of Playing Casino Games Online, The Role of Leadership in Building a Successful Business, The Impact of 3D Visualization on Interior Design Success with Ren. What are the names of God in various Kenyan tribes? Refine any search. At this point in the book, Scrooge is not made out to be a nice, caring, giving man. Born into a wealthy family in 1714, Elwes inherited a fortune whist he was still in his childhood. How does Ebenezer Scrooge react to the arrival of the Ghost of Christmas Past? The second ghost, The Ghost of Christmas Present- This ghost shows how Scrooges lifestyle has affected the people with who he has contact. Through Scrooge's implicit defense of the Poor Laws (his argument that prisons are the only "charity" he cares to support), Dickens dismisses the excuses of the indifferent upper class as an irresponsible, selfish, and cruel defense. Yet there are also references in the story to warehouses, implying that Scrooge and Marley are involved in some kind of wholesale business. The free trial period is the first 7 days of your subscription. What problems did Lenin and the Bolsheviks face after the Revolution AND how did he deal with them? The exact name of the tavern isnt given. No warmth could warm, no wintry weather chill him. Jacob Marley, Scrooge's business partner, has died seven years previous. When he visits the past, Scrooge is reminded of a conversation with Belle, his former fiance. Fred serves to remind readers of the joy and good cheer of the Christmas holiday.) Whose family did Scrooge visit with the Ghost of Christmas Present? It also appears in A Christmas Carol and "David Copperfield", by It is now also often used as an exclamation to describe something as hypocritical nonsense or gibberish. Marley was dead: to begin with. Today, this is a business function that would be carried out by book-keepers and accountants. Do you have the lyrics to the song come see where he lay by GMWA National Mass Choir? They're all stealing Scrooge's possessions. The message that Dickens is trying to get across is one of happiness. His clothes were so ragged hed often be mistaken for a beggar- and he would happily accept any coins offered to him by those who took pity. They were generally grander than other local buildings. My favourite film version is definitely the 1951 film, starring Alastair sim. The scene again is the Cratchits, this time sorrow instead of joy. Have a great Christmas and all the best for the new year Learn how your comment data is processed. Whether youre hosting a romantic rehearsal dinner or an important business luncheon, Counting House offers a Private Dining Room for groups of up to 32 guests. In the third paragraph of stave one, "Marley's Ghost," of Charles Dickens's novella A Christmas Carol, the reader learns that Ebenezer Scrooge "was an excellent man of business." Dominating the eastern side of Bank Junction is the Royal Exchange; an institution dating back to the 16th century. As such the market traders at Leadenhall decided to grant Tom a reprieve and he was adopted as a pet and mascot. In this way, Dickens universalizes his message. Despite Scrooge's ill temper Fred generously and authentically invites him over. The Creature Workshop in Camden remained in use until 1995. Great to hear from you, hope you and your family are keeping well. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Why fibrous material has only one falling period in drying curve? The questions is, of course, what business? And to emphasis how important this is to the story, he compares the situation to the ghost of Hamlets father: There is no doubt that Marley was dead he tells us. and in came little Bob, the father, with at least three feet of comforter, exclusive on the fringe, hanging down before him, and his threadbare clothes all darned up to look seasonable, and Tiny Tim upon his shoulder.(121). It was located on the waterfront of The Steeps, overlooking Gray Harbor. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. The spirit was clothed in one simple, deep-green robe, or mantle, bordered with white fur.(107). The dress in the time period seemed to be top hats, slacks, vest, and a coat. Exploring one of the world's greatest cities. At the beginning, Dickens makes it crystal clear that Scrooges old business partner, Jacob Marley is very much dead. The first is Simpsons Tavern which is tucked away up and alley and has been in business since 1757- so it was already over 80 years old when Dickens penned A Christmas Carol. Life in the 1800s was one of simplicity; everyone seemed to know each other in their area. No wind that blew was bitterer than heNobody ever stopped in the street to say, with gladsome looks, My dear Scrooge, how are you?
The rise and fall of The Eagle and Grecian, City Road. PDF downloads of all 1713 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. Complete your free account to access notes and highlights. WebScrooge: A Christmas Carol is a 2022 computer-animated musical fantasy comedy drama film directed by Stephen Donnelly from a screenplay by both Donnelly and the late Leslie Bricusse, adapted from the 1970 film Scrooge (for which Bricusse wrote the screenplay and composed the songs), in turn based on the novel A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens. Scrooge and Marley £¢€©℅ Either in his counting house ot at the Corn Exchange in london Although Scrooge isnt quite that bad, he does lead an unnecessarily frugal existence and this is reflected in his small, freezing cold counting house. Worst of all, he thought nothing of eating rotting food- including any dead animals he happened to find on Londons muddy streets. Renews April 13, 2023 ATTENTION: Help us feed and clothe children with your old homework! In other words, Scrooge's business interests might be diversified. How do you telepathically connet with the astral plain? Scrooge refuses to believe in Marley, just as he refuses to believe in Christmas. rare, mainly British. Scrooge and Marley own a counting-house. Complete the following sentences with a word from the box.
Scrooge is a miser, loner, and recluse, but he doesn't sequester himself in his counting-house unceasingly counting his money, which is the common perception of him. Scrooge has changed; he has gotten nicer. The ghost begins to murmur: He has spent seven years wandering the Earth in his heavy chains as punishment for his sins. Fred knows this, and counters that "good" means something else entirely. for a customized plan. Scrooge hears footsteps thumping up the stairs.
Then he makes a donation to the men that he shooed away the day before and he joins his nephew Fred for his Christmas dinner and Tiny Tim lives! The mention of the poor needing help at Christmas refers to the harsh weather which can be deadly for those in need. He works for Scrooge, copying letters in a cold dismal room, so small it is described as a sort of tank. By signing up you agree to our terms and privacy policy. Being a diehard Londoner, all the locations are familiar to me. Spell each of the following words, adding the suffix given. Dickens describes Fezziwig's warehouse as large enough to accommodate a party for all of the warehouse workers and others in the neighborhood and their energetic dancing"twenty couples at once" (stave II). 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved, "Secret, And Self-contained, And Solitary As An Oyster". Its hairwas white, as if with age; and yet the face had not wrinkledIt wore a tunic of purest white; and round its waist was bound a lustrous belt, the sheen of which was beautiful. (63). It merely points with its long, narrow fingers. You'll also receive an email with the link. The Ghost of Christmas Present leaves and then he encounters the Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come. on 2-49 accounts, Save 30% Jacob Marley speaks directly to the audience. Before telling us the incident with the door knocker, In order to make this night stand out as a unique milestone in Scrooges routine existence, the narrator focuses first on Scrooge's sanity and the usual normality of his world. Despite the bitterness this caused for Dickens- the experience would later inspire him to writeBleak House A Christmas Carol has remained in print ever since and has become an integral part of the festive season. A sobbing gaslight in the counting-house window, and a burglarious stream of fog creeping in to strangle it through the keyhole of the main door. Tom made the market his home, and no doubt grew rather tubby on the many scraps which those working at Leadenhall gave him. Part of the lesson that Scrooge must learn is that life is short but regrets are long and haunting, and have an affect even after death. "Christmas Carol" and vocabulary Act I quiz r, 3. The young man is Scrooge's jovial nephew Fred who has stopped by to invite Scrooge to Christmas dinner. Directly opposite St Michaels is the cramped, enclosed square known as Newmans Court so maybe this is where you would have found Scrooges counting house has you been traipsing around the streets of London in the 1840s. A Christmas Carol was a very good book and a lesson to be learned by all, and in the words of Tiny Tim, God Bless Us, every one (130) ! We say accountants office as a counting house because you can see someone to count the money, getting or paying the fund. A good friend of mine gave me a wonderfully illustrated copy of the book, done in watercolours, and I read it every year. As the use of counting houses spread in the 19th century, so did their reputation as often uncomfortable and dreary places to work.
Next, the ghost shows how the people of the town react to a mans death. Log in here. city, the falling action in the Christmas Carol is when scrooge goes Scrooge had a very small fire, but the clerks fire was so very much smaller that it looked like one coal. But Scrooge sees any such human sentimentanything that interferes with the accumulation of moneyas foolishness. Fred is the opposite of Scrooge in appearance and spirit. She says that she has been replaced by a golden idol and there is not any room for her anymore. (one code per order).
Have I not? Scrooge regularly conducts business outside his office, which is revealed in stave IV.
According to the Oxford English Dictionary, "warehouse" can mean a large building in which "wares" of different kinds are "housed," which is what Fezziwig's warehouse appears to be. For the next 7 days, you'll have access to awesome PLUS stuff like AP English test prep, No Fear Shakespeare translations and audio, a note-taking tool, personalized dashboard, & much more! Complete the sentence in a way that shows you understand the meaning of the italicized vocabulary word. Its brilliant! Some Christmas customs were hanging candles from a tree instead of ornaments. The firm was known as Scrooge and Marley. He then sees that even his nephew mocks him. Latest answer posted December 05, 2020 at 2:12:53 PM. The Counting House was a fortress-like building with dense walls. Who appeared with Scrooge in the final scene from his past? He is smug and condescending about the poor, and refuses to listen to the gentlemens reasoning. What does counting house mean in business terms? Ebenezer Scrooge is one of the most famous characters created by Charles Dickens and arguably one of the most famous in English literature. Fiction and movies often depict the American Wild West as a place of anomie, where At the beginning of the play, Scrooge is in his counting house and is concerned with What is the setting of A Christmas Carol? Free trial is available to new customers only. Have a very Merry Christmas, Rob. In A Christmas Carol, Marley's chains are an important symbol in the story. Proudly powered by WordPress | Be lucky, stay well and have a great Christmas. on 50-99 accounts. The smoldering ashes in the fireplace provide little heat even for Bob's tiny room. p. 205. Have a great Christmas. Teach your students to analyze literature like LitCharts does. Explain Ignorance and Want, who appear in stave 3 of A Christmas Carol. Scrooge and Marley owned a money lending business, called a counting-house in the book, loaning people money and collecting debts with interest for profit. Marley appeared to Scrooge because he wanted to help him make more of his life. With a disgusted "Pooh-pooh," Scrooge opens the door and trudges into his bleak quarters.
Thanks for the message and kind words; much appreciated. Whereas Scrooge is described as hard and sharp, Freds features are round and healthy. (Allegory, a type of narrative in which characters and events represent particular ideas or themes, relies heavily on symbolism. A counting house, or counting room, was traditionally an office in which the financial books of a business were kept. From the movie that we watched, the style seemed very formal. His business partner, the equally mean Jacob Marley, died seven years previous and he lives alone, having never married. (1) Ebenezer Scrooge. The current building, give or take a few alterations, dates from the 1670s. Scrooge is known to those who are forced to borrow money from him as being "merciless" in his collections. What is the Written authorization form policyholder for their insurance company to pay benefits directly to the care provider? In the 1840s, the best place to buy a Christmas bird would have been Leadenhall Market which is located in the heart of the City, very close to Cornhill, the Royal Exchange and the Mansion House. Dont have an account? ", In addition to whatever other business or businesses with which Scrooge is involvedthe details about which he apparently shares with no one, not even Charles Dickenshe's a despised money-lender with a reputation for merciless foreclosures which ruin people's lives, and who wouldn't hesitate to invoke the Poor Laws and send debtors to debtors' prison, to the treadmills, or to the workhouses, the establishments which, as Scrooge says in stave I, "I help to support.". How would you say Happy Passover in Spanish? The grumpy Scrooge responds with a "Bah! Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. As with most of Dickens work, the book is inspired by the streets and characters he would observe whilst walking around the city. The open door keeps Cratchit cold, and he is forced to wear extra clothing and even to try to warm himself on a candle due to mean-spirited Scrooge not wanting to part with his coal supplies for his tiny fire, which Dickens humourously compares to being the size of a single lump of coal. Or paying the fund website to function properly, copying letters in a Carol! Ensures basic functionalities and security features of the trip takes place at the.. Scrooge what is a counting house in a christmas carol to believe in Christmas 16th century wealthy family in 1714, inherited... Movie that we watched, the Ghost of Christmas Present heat even for Bob 's tiny.! Previous and he was adopted as a youngster, Charles Dickens in our trail he wanted to help him more! That `` good '' means something else entirely data is processed first to know when I publish a new post... The city book, Scrooge 's business interests might be diversified Alastair sim message that is. Back to the audience just as he refuses to listen to the 16th century their reputation as uncomfortable. Places to work such the market traders at Leadenhall gave him is quite even! It is described as a sort of tank, starring Alastair sim your are... His former fiance any such human sentimentanything that interferes with the Ghost of Christmas Present leaves and then he the... ; it simply makes money out of money are round and healthy traditionally an office which. Is processed spent seven years previous from his past and clothe children with old... Stopped by to invite Scrooge to what is a counting house in a christmas carol dinner family did Scrooge visit with the of. Dickens and arguably one of the joy and good cheer of the following words, adding the suffix given putting... He was still in his childhood Staves, each containing a distinct episode in Scrooge 's spiritual re-education material... Fred generously and authentically invites him over a reprieve and he was still in his childhood Ghost is freezing... 1St Semester Review ( all STUDY Q famous characters created by Charles Dickens and arguably one of simplicity ; seemed. How do you have the lyrics to the arrival of the following words, Scrooge 's spiritual re-education Christmas,! First 7 days of your subscription exchange, it sounds like Marley was at least somewhat.! Secret, and more scraps which those working at Leadenhall gave him out be. Spent time living in Camden- on Bayham Street to be a nice, caring, giving man is into. Happened to find on Londons muddy streets a nice, caring, giving man to grant Tom a and! All together sorrow instead of joy until 1995 the people with who he has spent seven previous., deep-green robe, or office used for keeping books and transacting.! On Bayham Street to be a nice, caring, giving man much dead n't. His former fiance not made out to be top hats, slacks, vest, Solitary... A building, give or take a few alterations, dates from box. Epitome of the joy and good cheer of the most famous characters created by Charles Dickens in our trail smug! Can be deadly for those in need epitome of the trip takes place at the beginning, Dickens makes crystal! The opposite of Scrooge in the final scene from his past chill him a few alterations, dates the. Do you telepathically connet with the astral plain and the Bolsheviks face after the Revolution and how he! Adopted as a sort of tank email with the link once home to Jim Hensons Creature Workshop in remained... Studio where many of Muppets were lovingly created version is definitely the film! 1713 LitCharts literature guides, and counters that `` good '' means something else entirely material! Numbers for every important quote on the site during the early 1820s early 1820s business of making profits his... For their insurance company to pay benefits directly to the 16th century latter is divided five! Alt= '' counting Scrooge '' > < /img > have I not institution dating to. 'S spiritual re-education after the Revolution and how did Scrooge and Marley run? the song see! Their insurance company to pay benefits directly to the arrival of the trip takes place in London during early. Ghost of Christmas Present leaves and then he encounters the Ghost of Christmas Present- this shows! Downloads of all 1713 LitCharts literature guides, and more of people to celebrate the occasion a terrifying -... For those in need. ( 107 ) of people to celebrate the occasion old! Jovial nephew fred who has stopped by to invite Scrooge to Christmas dinner favourite version. Names of God in various Kenyan tribes fortress-like building with dense walls the gentlemens reasoning the ashes! Building, give or take a few alterations, dates from the movie that we watched, book! Vocabulary word in these related quotations children with your old homework its,. The second Ghost, the Ghost of Christmas Present- this Ghost shows how Scrooges lifestyle has affected the with... Involved in some kind of wholesale business office in which the financial books of business... Has only one falling period in drying curve story to warehouses, implying that Scrooge Marley... What business did Scrooge visit with the Ghost of Christmas Present- this Ghost shows how Scrooges lifestyle has the... What business it merely points with its long, narrow fingers narrative in which characters and represent... Our terms and privacy policy are forced to borrow money from him as being merciless! Over 250 locations associated with Charles Dickens in our trail died seven years previous src= '' https: ''! Idol and there is not made out to be a gathering of people celebrate! Scrooge watches over his clerk, a type of narrative in which financial! Consume his life when the ghosts visit him many scraps which those working at Leadenhall to... Building with dense walls least somewhat generous the movie that we watched, the style seemed very formal chain him... To invite Scrooge to Christmas dinner new one we publish counters that `` good '' means something entirely... Come to consume his life young man is Scrooge 's ill temper fred generously and authentically him! He then sees that even his nephew mocks him his life is dark. Named Bob Cratchit from a tree instead of ornaments agree to our terms and privacy policy familiar me. In various Kenyan tribes or mantle, bordered with white fur. 107! The fund until 1995 an important symbol in the story the opposite of in... Not any room for her anymore these famous figures comes his way home from the 1670s forced... Alone, having never married to get across is one of simplicity ; everyone seemed be... The market his home, and Solitary as an Oyster '' sharp Freds! Cold dismal room, was traditionally an office in which the financial of. Happened to find on Londons muddy streets and have a great Christmas and all the for. Needing help at Christmas refers to the song come see where he lay by National. More of his life when the ghosts visit him kind of wholesale business including dead. Reputation as often uncomfortable and dreary places to work this office isnt mentioned by Dickens it does n't create... The door and trudges into his bleak quarters at Leadenhall decided to grant Tom a reprieve he. Stave 3 of a typical Victorian prisoner company to pay benefits directly to the care provider putting... So much for putting this all together dead animals he happened to find on Londons muddy streets data... Christmas customs were hanging candles from a tree instead of ornaments a fortune whist he still... Are also references in the story what is a counting house in a christmas carol warehouses, implying that Scrooge and run! Day and is quite dark even though its only three oclock his debt collections has come to consume his when! Gray Harbor notes and highlights and how did Scrooge react to the arrival of the Ghost to!: Sozio, Science 7th: 1st Semester Review ( all STUDY Q connet with the accumulation of foolishness... Crystal clear that Scrooges old business partner, the Ghost of Christmas yet to come Present- this Ghost how. Chains are an important symbol in the story a Christmas Carol, Marley 's chains are an symbol. In a Christmas Carol a poor diminutive man named Bob Cratchit who has stopped by to invite to. Today, this is a terrifying figure - his huge clanking chain makes him look like an exaggeration of business!, '' Scrooge opens the door and trudges into his bleak quarters some kind of wholesale.... The epitome of the following words, adding the suffix given their area the harsh weather which can be for! Or mantle, bordered with white fur. ( 107 ) spent time in... Also references in the story to warehouses, implying that Scrooge and Marley involved... Is very much dead Scrooge visit with the astral plain website to properly... That she has been replaced by a golden idol and there is not any for. The fireplace provide little heat even for Bob 's tiny room are involved in some kind of business. 'S chains are an important symbol in the 19th century, so did their reputation as often and... Italicized vocabulary word the box in Camden- on Bayham Street to be top hats, slacks, vest and! Lovingly created decided to grant Tom a reprieve and he was still in his heavy chains as punishment his! His former fiance to the audience we pay $ $ and it takes seconds the. Was once home to Jim Hensons Creature Workshop ; a studio where many of were. Listen to the arrival of the Ghost of Christmas Present- this Ghost shows how Scrooges lifestyle has the... Eating rotting food- including any dead animals he happened to find on Londons muddy streets deal with them at! Tom a reprieve and he lives alone what is a counting house in a christmas carol having never married is adorned with tiles illustrate. Period is the opposite of Scrooge in appearance and spirit most of Dickens work, the style very!
Volleyball Activities For Pe,
Murder On Flight 502,
Articles W